Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,165
ID: | OMI0330 | ||||
Gender
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m
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ភេទ
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ប្រុស
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Status
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Alive
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ស្ថានភាពគ្រួសារ
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នៅរស់
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Source Interview
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ប្រភពនៃឯកសារ/បទសម្ភាសន៍
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អូអ៊ឹមអាយ០៣៣០២០១៣១១២៦ ភូមិផេ្តÃៈកជ្រុំ ឃុំត្រពាំងប្រា សាទ ស្រុកត្រពាំងប្រាសាទ ខេត្តឧត្តរមានជ័យ។ សំភាសដោយៈ សុខ វណ្ណៈ។ កំណត់សម្គាល់ៈ ជួបជាមួយឈ្មោះ ឈិត សុខុម ភេទប្រុស អាយុ៦០ឆ្នាំ។ ក្រៅប្រវត្តិរូប។
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Date of Birth
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[Present age:60]
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ថ្ងៃ-ខែ-ឆ្នាំ កំណើត
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បច្ចុប្បន្នអាយុ៦០ឆ្នាំ
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ទីកន្លែងកំណើត
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២១០៩០៤?? ខេត្ដតាកែវ ស្រុកត្រាំកក់ ឃុំលាយបូ ភូមិ??។
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Join KR
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1972????
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ការចូលរួមសកម្មភាពក្នុងសម័យខ្មែរក្រហម
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១៩៧២????
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Reason to Join KR
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Volunteer.
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មូលហេតុចូលរួមសកម្មភាពក្នុងសម័យខ្មែរក្រហម
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ស្ម័គ្រចិត្ដ
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អង្គភាពក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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អង្គភាពយោធានៅមន្ទីរកងពល តំបន់១០៣ ខេត្ដព្រះវិហារ។
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KR Rank(1975-79)
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តួនាទីក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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យោធា
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ទីតាំងភូមិសាស្រ្តក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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តំបន់(១០៣)ខេត្ដព្រះវិហារ។
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Superior
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អ្នកដឹកនាំ
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គណៈតំបន់ឈ្មោ តាវឿន។
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Associates
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អ្នកពាក់ព័ន្ធដ៏ទៃទៀត
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Summary
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Chhit Sokhom, male, 60 years old and lives in Phdiek Chrum village, Pha-Av commune, Trapeang Prasat district, Oddar Meanchey province. Sokhom៌s wife៌s name is Chann Rem, 46 years old. Sokhom has five daughters and three sons.
Sokhom was born in Trapeang Thlann village, Leay Bo commune, Tramkak district, Takeo province. Sokhom៌s father៌s name is Chhit Sam and his mother, Khut Men. Sokhom has two sisters. Sokhom studied in grade 10 (old system) at Oddom Soriya Pagoda Primary School when he was young. Sokhom quitted the school while the coup d៌état in 1970 and he helped his parents in rice field instead.
In 1972, Sokhom volunteered to join the KR movement. First, Sokhom was a militiaman in District 105, Region 13 and he served as a soldier in Region 13. In 1974, he was sent to military of Southwest Zone. Ta Mok; and Ta Met were leaders of the military.
Aftermath, Sokhom was in Divison 1st. Soeung was a chief of the Division. There were three regiments within the division. In 1975, Sokhom៌s unit was along Road Numer 3#, 4# and reached Phnom Penh on Pochintong direction. However, Sokhom was not entered Phnom Penh on April 17, 1975; and the KR assigned to prepare a part of National Road 3 between Takeo and Kampot provinces instead.
In 1976, Sokhom៌s division៌s office was in Ang Snuol. Sam Nang was a chief of the office. In 1977, the KR moved the division to Lungvek, Kampong Chhnang province. In 1978, the KR sent Sokhom and other 10 cadres to follow Voeun to Region 103 [Preah Vihear] and Voeun was promoted to be a chief of the region.
When the Vietnamese arrived in Cambodia in January 1979, the KR of Preah Vihear region fled to Cambodia- Thailand border. They were in Malai area including Chamkar Chek, Chamkar Daung. At that time, Ta Voeun and Ta Honng were together in the area. Aftermath they went Dangrek Mountain at KR military base [808]. Sokhom saw Son Sen; and Mon were leaders at the base. Sokhom was in transportation unit.
There were a lot of China aids for the KR via Thailand soil. There were several KR military bases including [1001], [1002], [1003]; [808] as well. Ta Mok was a highest leader in the bases. In 1990, Ta Mok paved a road down from Dangrek Mountain to Anglong Veng. The KR and their families came to live in Anlong Veng and Trapeang Prasat areas. In 1993, the KR boycotted first general election because they did not trust the United Nations. However, the KR told their people and soldiers to vote for Funsinpec Party and soon after the election, the Royal Government of Cambodia forces came to fight against the KR in Anlong Veng area. In particular, Nhek Bun Chhay៌s forces of Funsinpec and the KR fled to top of the Mountain and lived O-Trao refugee camp within Thailand territory. In 1994, the KR came down to live in Anglong Veng and Trapeang Prasat again.
In 1997-1998,the KR had internal conflict between Pol Pot and Ta Mok forces. In late 1998, Chum Cheat, Yin Phanna, Yim Pim, Yim San negotiated with the Cambodian government and finally they took their forces to integrate with the government. The Cambodian people live in peace and prosperity unit today.
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សេចក្ដីសង្ខេបបទសម្ភាស៏
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ឈិត សុខុម អាយុ៦០ឆ្នាំ ប្រពន្ធឈ្មោះ ចាន់ រ៉េម អាយុ៤៦ឆ្នាំ មានកូន ចំនួន៨នាក់ ស្រី៥ប្រុស៣ សព្វថៃ្ងរស់នៅភូមិផេ្ដÃៈកជ្រុំ ឃុំផេ្ដÃៈកជ្រុំ ស្រុកអន្លង់វែង ខេត្ដឧត្ដរ មានជ័យ។ សុខុម មានឪពុកឈ្មោះ ឈិត សំ ម្ដាយឈ្មោះ ឃុត ម៉េន មានបង ប្អូន៣នាក់ ស្រី២នាក់ មានស្រុកកំណើតនៅភូមិត្រពាំងថ្លាន់ ឃុំលីបូ ស្រុកត្រាំកក់ ខេត្ដតាកែវ។ សុខុម ជាកូន ទី១ កាលពីតូចរៀននៅសាលាបឋមសិក្សាវត្ដឧត្ដរសូរិយាត្រឹម ថ្នាក់ទី១០ឪចាស់ឱ។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧០ ឈប់រៀនដោយសារកើត មានរដ្ឋប្រហារទម្លាក់សមេ្ដចសីហនុ ពេលនោះមកជួយធ្វើស្រែ ចម្ការឪពុក ម្ដាយ។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧២ បានស្ម័គ្រចិត្ដចូលបដិវត្ដ ដើម្បីរំដោះប្រទេសជាតិ ចូលដំបូងស្រុក១០៥ តំបន់១៣ ដំបូងធ្វើឈ្លបបន្ទាប់មកទៀតធ្វើជាយោធាស្រុកត្រាំកក់។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧៤ ជាយោធាភូមិ ភាគនិរតី ប្រធានមាន តា ម៉េត តា ម៉ុក ក្រោយមកទៀតជាយោធានៅក្នុងកងពលទី១ ប្រធានកង ពលឈ្មោះ សឿង កាលនោះមួយកងពលមានបីវរសេនាធំ មួយវរសេនាធំ មានបីវរសេនាតូច។ សុខុម បានចូលសមរភូមិ វាយជាមួយទាហាន លន់ នល់ ដល់ឆ្នាំ១៩៧៥ វាយចូលតាមផ្លូវ ជាតិ លេខ៣ លេខ៤ ចូលត្រឹមពោធិចិនតុង មិនបានចូលដល់ ទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញទេ។ សុខុម ត្រូវអង្គការចាត់ តាំងឱ្យធ្វើផ្លូវថ្នល់ជាតិ លេខ៣ ពីខេត្ដតាកែវរហូតដល់ខេត្ដកំពត។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧៦ អង្គការបញ្ជូនមក ស្រុកអង្គស្នួលធ្វើការនៅក្នុងមន្ទីរកងពល ប្រធានមន្ទីរឈ្មោះ សំ ណាង។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧៧ អង្គការ បញ្ជូនមកនៅមន្ទីរនៅបន្ទាយលង្វែកធ្វើការនៅក្នុង មន្ទីរកងពលដដែល។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧៨ អង្គការ បញ្ជូនមកខេត្ដ ព្រះវិហារ តំបន់១០៣ មានគ្នាចំនួន១០នាក់ ឱ្យមកធ្វើការនៅនេះ ព្រោះអង្គការគិតថា នៅតំបន់១០៣ មានកម្មាភិបាលភាគ ច្រើនក្បត់ ពេលមកដល់ តា វឿន បានធ្វើជាគណៈតំបន់។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧៩ កម្លាំងខែ្មរក្រហមនៅព្រះវិហារបានរត់ទៅ ស្រុកម៉ាឡៃ ម្ដុំចម្ការចេក ចម្ការដូង ជាមួយ តា វឿន ជាមួយ សូ ហុង ជាប្រធានកងពល។ ក្រោយមកទៀតបានទៅជួបជុំគ្នានៅ ចំណុច៨០៨ មាន លោក សុន សេន មានឈ្មោះ ម៉ន នៅទីនោះ មូលដ្ឋាននេះជាប់ដីថៃ សុខុម នៅមន្ទីរឪប១ឱ ផ្នែកដឹញជញ្ជូនយក ទៅឱ្យសមរភូមិមុខ សុខុម មិនទៅសមរភូមិមុខទេ នៅមើលឃ្លាំង របស់របរកាល នោះមានប្រទេសចិនជាអ្នកផ្ដល់ជំនួយ តែត្រូវឆ្លង កាត់តាមប្រទេសថៃ ខាងថបៃានផលចំនិញពីខាងខែ្មរ ក្រហម ច្រើនណាស់។ ក្រោយមកកម្លាំងខែ្មរក្រហមមានកំណត់ចំណាំកនែ្លង ដោយបានដាក់ឈ្មោះ ថា តំបន់១០០១តំបន់១០០២ តំបន់១០០៣ តំបន់ទាំងអស់នេះ តា ម៉ុក ជាអ្នកគ្រប់គ្រង។ នៅឆ្នាំ ១៩៩០ តា ម៉ុក បានធ្វើផ្លូវចុះមកពីលើភ្នំដងរែក និងនាំប្រជាជនឱ្យមករស់នៅខាងក្រោមវិញ ហើយ បានបង្កើតជា ភូមិឃុំរស់នៅ។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៩៣ ពេលបោះឆ្នោតដែលបានរៀប ចំដោយអង្គការសហ ប្រជាជាតិដែលហៅថា ឪអ៊ុនតាក់ឱ កម្លាំងខែ្មរក្រហមមិនបានឈរឈ្មោះ បោះឆ្នោតទេ តែថ្នាក់លើ ប្រើឱ្យកម្លាំងខែ្មរក្រហមទាំងប្រជាជនទាំងយោធានាំគ្នាទៅបោះឆ្នោតឱ្យគណបក្សហ្វុនស៊ិនប៉ិច ពេលជាប់ ឆ្នោតមាននាយករដ្ឋមន្រ្ដីពីរ។ ក្រោយពីបោះឆ្នោតមិនបានប៉ុន្មានផង កម្លាំងខាងហ្វុនស៊ិន ចុិចរួមជាមួយ កម្លាំងខាងរដ្ឋាភិបាលមកវាយកម្លាំងខែ្មរក្រហមឱ្យរត់ទៅជ្រកលើដីថមៃ្ដងទៀត។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៩៤កម្លាំង ខែ្មរក្រហម បានចុះមករស់នៅខាងក្រោមវិញ ខ្លះនៅស្រុក អន្លង់វែង ខ្លះមកនៅស្រុកត្រពាំងប្រាសាទ។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៩៧៩៨ កម្លាំងក្រហមមានរឿងរ៉ាវផៃ្ទក្នុងជាច្រើន ធ្វើឱ្យមានការ មិនទុកចិត្ដគ្នា ដណ្ដើម អំណាចគ្នា ធ្វើឱ្យកើតមានរឿងរ៉ាវ កាន់តែច្រើនឡើង រហូតប្រធានកងពលមួយចំនួនទ្រំាមិនបានហ៊ាន លបទាក់ទងជាមួយទាហានខាងរដ្ឋាភិបាលដើម្បីរកច្រកចេញពី តា ម៉ុក។ នៅឆ្នាំ១៩៩៨ មានលោក ជាតិ ជុំ លោក យឹម ផាន់ណា លោក យឹម ពឹម លោក យឹម សាន បានទាក់ទងជាមួយរដ្ឋាភិបាល បានសមេ្រចហើយកើតមានសមាហរណ៍កម្មនៅឆ្នាំ១៩៩៨៩៩ ចាប់តាំបពីនោះមកប្រទេសយើង លែងមានសង្គ្រាមខែ្មរ សម្លាប់ខែ្មរទៀត ប្រជាជនរស់នៅប្រកបរបរធ្វើស្រែចម្ការ រាងៗខ្លួន។
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Concept by Ean Panharith and Youk Chhang
© 2023 Documentation Center of Cambodia
The Prevention and Punishment of the Crimes of Genocide
By Youk Chhang
The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide stands alongside the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as one of the key pillars of international human rights law, and for this Human Rights Day in 2022, I want to highlight the critical importance of the responsibility to prevent atrocity crimes, which includes genocide. When atrocity crimes occur, there is an immediate need to stop these atrocious acts, followed by the equally urgent tasks of documenting, investigating, and ultimately prosecuting the perpetrators. However, from 1948 to today, we have not given enough attention to true prevention.
Atrocity crimes do not occur in a vacuum. There is a long chain of events and conditions that precede atrocity crimes. Isolation, segregation, and discrimination frequently, if not always, precede the rationalization of atrocity crimes against a group of people. And before people are discriminated against, they must be dehumanized. The process of dehumanization depends upon rationalizing hatred and distrust, and these processes are precipitated by misinformation, fueled by uninformed biases, stereotypes, and exploitative actors. They are also frequently dependent upon the disintegration, corruption, or lack of development of critical institutions, in particular institutions dedicated to dialogue and education. It is here that we must dedicate our greatest attention.
Since 1948, we have made great strides toward taking actions that interrupt, mitigate, and to a very limited extent, punish the chief perpetrators of atrocity crimes; however, these actions are not preventative but reactive in nature. No atrocities crime trial has ever prevented the next genocide, and no sanctions or punishment can bring back the dead or undo the trauma that extends across multiple generations. Indeed, the trauma of atrocity crimes in the distant past are often the forgotten seeds for the next wave of violence and inhumanity of the future.
If we are to truly adopt strategies that are effective, far reaching, and decisive in preventing atrocity crimes, then our priorities must be re-oriented to the opposite end of the spectrum, where the seeds of the next genocide are cultivated. Our responsibility in complying with foundational human rights documents should be measured not solely by our success at responding, investigating, and prosecuting atrocity crimes, but by our efforts in supporting institutions, initiatives, and actions that have a positive influence in preventing all forms of inhumanity. The most effective strategy at preventing the next genocide is centered on actions and policies that interrupt and reduce the risk of escalation at the earliest stages of inhumanity.
Cambodia recently removed human rights days from public calendars. I think we should reconsider this collective decision. Cambodia has achieved extraordinary success in its genocide education programme, which is the essence of atrocity crimes prevention. And so, to capitalize on this success and Cambodia’s regional and even global leadership in this area, we should hold an annual dialogue on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) closes its doors, there is no better time than now to preserve Cambodia’s leadership and momentum in realizing the core objectives of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) is proud of the support it has given to the ECCC’s work, which was fundamental to giving victims an opportunity to participate in the justice process and realize some sense of closure from the Khmer Rouge genocide. DC-Cam is also eager to support an annual conference on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As we commemorate this Human Rights Day, we would be mindful to recognize our fundamental human rights documents are not only universal commitments, but also standards for evaluating the kind of world we are leaving for the next generation.
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Youk Chhang is Executive Director of the Documentation Center of Cambodia. The Center dedicating to Justice, Memory, and Healing for survivors of the Khmer Rouge genocide.
Photo above: Children at Angkor Wat, 1979. After the collapse of the Khmer Rouge regime on 7 January 1979, hundreds of thousands of children were left orphaned. From 1975 to 1979, the Khmer Rouge led Cambodia into tragedy causing the deaths of over 2 million people. Although two millions were killed, five millions more survived to tell their story. The perpetrators of these crimes also survived. Photo: Documentation Center of Cambodia Archives.
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