Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,161
Record No
លេខឯកសារ
|
VPA-KT0144 | |
Name
ឈ្មោះ
|
Ul Ort
អ៊ុល អត
| |
Gender
ភេទ
|
Male
ភេទ: ប្រុស
|
|
Date Of Birth
ថ្ងៃ-ខែ-ឆ្នាំកំណើត
|
19530715 | |
Age
អាយុ
|
53 | |
Nationality
|
Khmer
|
|
Ethnicity
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Khmer
|
|
Birth Place
|
Trach Chrum Village, Sam Proch Commune, Stong District, Kampong Thom Province
|
|
Occupation
|
Farmer
|
|
Current Address
|
Trach Chrum Village, Sam Proch Commune, Stong District, Kampong Thom Province, Cambodia
|
|
Mode Participation
|
Complainant
|
|
Request Protective Measures
|
No;
|
|
Prefer form of Reparation
|
Woman statue
|
|
Main Crime Date
កាលបរិច្ឆេទឧក្រិដ្ឋកម្មសំខាន់ៗ
|
1970-1979 |
Main Crime Location
|
Conscription: In 1970, soldiers serving in the propaganda section (whose names I remember ) forcibly enlisted me in the army and forced me to fight in battles after two or three days of their propaganda. I received military training in a forest near Sambo Preykok Temple along with approximately thirty other soldiers. ( I forget the name of the trainer.) I served in Battalion 18 of Zone 304. After one month of training, I was sent to fight against Lon Nol soldiers in Kampong Cham, Kampong Thom, Kampong Chhnang, and Phnom Penh. My battalion had DK 102 and Artillery 105. The upper level division chief, Duch, aka Khuon, never informed the armed soldiers of the overall strategy, but assigned soldiers to fight in different places. On April 17, I entered Phnom Penh, carrying out the order given from Duch, the division chief, to evacuate residents out of the city within just three days in order to prepare the city before allowing them to return. I doubted the reasons he gave for evacuating the city and leaving the houses empty. My task was to protect the city and avoid gunfire. Two weeks later, my battalion received an order which stated that the defense of the country had been achieved, now it was time to rebuild our country. Ran, serving in the battalion, replaced our rifles with hoes. I did the farming without any cows. In one battalion, there were twelve members in one group who had to dig up one hectare of paddy field per day. One can of rice was given to three people. There was not enough food for me to eat. During that time, I became a typist in Phnom Penh because my leg become injured during the fighting and did not recover. I made name list of youth serving in each unit . This task lasted for almost two years. Everyday, when we did the farming, two security policemen (whose names I did not know) came to arrest at least two combatants working in each unit. I do not know where the security policemen took them -- to receive an education or to be killed. One day, the regiment dismissed Comrade Ran for reasons unknown to me and replaced him with Sim, a former soldier of the Southwest Zone. Sim stated that the North Zone, including my division, had a CIA network. This was why some battalions and regiments were removed. (I am not certain about the number.) Everyday, Sim investigated activities of traitors and arrested at least two or three people, taking them away by truck so that they disappeared forever. In 1978, Sim went to fight against Yuon ( Vietnamese) at Kandal Chrum in Stung Village, Memot, 207 Barracks, Trapeang Thlong and then Yuon ( Vietnamese) territory. I fought against the Yuon (Vietnamese) until 1979 and then escaped through O Reang Ov, Prey Veng, then to the west of Kampong Cham (Prek Torting), walking through Preh Damrei to Kampong Thom Province. Terrified, I ran away and left my rifle behind. I think the military leaders had a plan, but the commander did not let the soldiers know about anything except the fighting. I never dared touch any material, and that is why I have survived until now. When I arrived in Kampong Thom Province, I became terrified because I had always been in the battlefields and was not aware that large numbers of innocent people in the villages and communes had been executed. I was busy defending the battlefields and did not know that the leadership of the Pol Pot regime had caused the deaths of many innocent people. My house and cattle were confiscated as collective property, and a pillar of my house was used as firewood and to build a rice grange. When I returned, there was nothing left. Surely, I did not know about the killing of people all over the country. |
Date Completion of Form
កាលបរិច្ឆេទនៃការបំពេញបែបបទ
|
20080319 | |
Petitioner
អ្នកដាក់ញ្ញាត់
|
No; | |
Copyright: | © DC-CAM | |
រក្សាសិទ្ធិដោយ: | © មជ្ឈមណ្ឌលឯកសារកម្ពុជា |
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Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,161
Location
Date
1970 to 197515,209
1975 to 198022,829
1980 to 198511,450
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1990 to 199510,122
1995 to 20001,254
2000 to 20104,840
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Credit Line: Documentation Center of Cambodia's Archives.
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This website was funded in part by a grant (Documentation and Democracy) from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development.
Concept by Ean Panharith and Youk Chhang
© 2023 Documentation Center of Cambodia
The Prevention and Punishment of the Crimes of Genocide
By Youk Chhang
The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide stands alongside the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as one of the key pillars of international human rights law, and for this Human Rights Day in 2022, I want to highlight the critical importance of the responsibility to prevent atrocity crimes, which includes genocide. When atrocity crimes occur, there is an immediate need to stop these atrocious acts, followed by the equally urgent tasks of documenting, investigating, and ultimately prosecuting the perpetrators. However, from 1948 to today, we have not given enough attention to true prevention.
Atrocity crimes do not occur in a vacuum. There is a long chain of events and conditions that precede atrocity crimes. Isolation, segregation, and discrimination frequently, if not always, precede the rationalization of atrocity crimes against a group of people. And before people are discriminated against, they must be dehumanized. The process of dehumanization depends upon rationalizing hatred and distrust, and these processes are precipitated by misinformation, fueled by uninformed biases, stereotypes, and exploitative actors. They are also frequently dependent upon the disintegration, corruption, or lack of development of critical institutions, in particular institutions dedicated to dialogue and education. It is here that we must dedicate our greatest attention.
Since 1948, we have made great strides toward taking actions that interrupt, mitigate, and to a very limited extent, punish the chief perpetrators of atrocity crimes; however, these actions are not preventative but reactive in nature. No atrocities crime trial has ever prevented the next genocide, and no sanctions or punishment can bring back the dead or undo the trauma that extends across multiple generations. Indeed, the trauma of atrocity crimes in the distant past are often the forgotten seeds for the next wave of violence and inhumanity of the future.
If we are to truly adopt strategies that are effective, far reaching, and decisive in preventing atrocity crimes, then our priorities must be re-oriented to the opposite end of the spectrum, where the seeds of the next genocide are cultivated. Our responsibility in complying with foundational human rights documents should be measured not solely by our success at responding, investigating, and prosecuting atrocity crimes, but by our efforts in supporting institutions, initiatives, and actions that have a positive influence in preventing all forms of inhumanity. The most effective strategy at preventing the next genocide is centered on actions and policies that interrupt and reduce the risk of escalation at the earliest stages of inhumanity.
Cambodia recently removed human rights days from public calendars. I think we should reconsider this collective decision. Cambodia has achieved extraordinary success in its genocide education programme, which is the essence of atrocity crimes prevention. And so, to capitalize on this success and Cambodia’s regional and even global leadership in this area, we should hold an annual dialogue on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) closes its doors, there is no better time than now to preserve Cambodia’s leadership and momentum in realizing the core objectives of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) is proud of the support it has given to the ECCC’s work, which was fundamental to giving victims an opportunity to participate in the justice process and realize some sense of closure from the Khmer Rouge genocide. DC-Cam is also eager to support an annual conference on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As we commemorate this Human Rights Day, we would be mindful to recognize our fundamental human rights documents are not only universal commitments, but also standards for evaluating the kind of world we are leaving for the next generation.
—————
Youk Chhang is Executive Director of the Documentation Center of Cambodia. The Center dedicating to Justice, Memory, and Healing for survivors of the Khmer Rouge genocide.
Photo above: Children at Angkor Wat, 1979. After the collapse of the Khmer Rouge regime on 7 January 1979, hundreds of thousands of children were left orphaned. From 1975 to 1979, the Khmer Rouge led Cambodia into tragedy causing the deaths of over 2 million people. Although two millions were killed, five millions more survived to tell their story. The perpetrators of these crimes also survived. Photo: Documentation Center of Cambodia Archives.
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