Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,161
ID: | Y00176 | ||||
Name
ឈ្មោះ
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Ieng Sary (BKI 147, p. 532)
(BKI 147, p. 532)
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Other Name
ឈ្មោះហៅក្រៅ
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Van ;notes: 1970 (BKI 158 B, p. 435) ~ Van ; (PPP, p. 7)
(BKI 158 B, p. 435) ~ Van ; (PPP, p. 7)
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Source of Documents / Information
ប្រភពនៃឯកសារ/ពត៌មាន
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BKI 147, pp. 531, 532, 537 / BKI 85, pp. 202, 203 / BKI 62, p. 215 / BKI 39, pp. 810-822 / BKI 127 A, p. 222 / BKI 158 B, pp. 435, 439 / BKI 10 (i), pp. 2000-2001 / PPP, pp. 7, 228, 299, 302, 343
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Gender
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Male (BKI 39, p. 810)
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ភេទ
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ប្រុស (BKI 39, p. 810)
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Physical Characteristics
បុគ្គលិកលក្ខណៈ
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Father Name
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Hou Hong Sin ;notes: adoptive (BKI 62, p. 215)
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Pre DK Education
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studied in Svay Rieng (BKI 62, p. 215) ~ studied in Paris, 195????? (PPP, p. 228)
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Pre DK Education
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.23 ;notes: sastracya (teacher), lycee Kambuboth (BKI 10 (i), p. 2000)
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កំរិតសិក្សាមុនរបបខ្មែរក្រហម
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Death Place: |
KR Rank Pre 75-79
តួនាទី មុនរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975)
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Northeast Zone chief, pre-1972???? ;notes: pre-1972. "Ieng Sary was commander of the Northeast Zone" (BKI 39, p. 810)
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KR Rank 75-79
តួនាទីក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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CPK Central Committee, Standing Committee member (BKI 147, p. 532) ~ confirmed Member of the Standing Committee, 1976???? ;notes: mid 1976 (PPP, p. 343)
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DK Zone 75-79
ទីតាំងភូមិសាស្រ្តរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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NE ;notes: 1966-71 (BKI 85, p. 203)
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DK ORG Unit 75-79
អង្គភាពក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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political (BKI 85, p. 202) ~ administrative (BKI 85, p. 202)
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DK ORG Unit 75-79
អង្គភាពក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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Foreign Ministry (BKI 85, p. 202)
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Persecutor Of
ធ្លាប់ធ្វើបាប
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Mey Pho ;code: 1.56, purged and killed, 197????? ;notes: early 1970's. "Gone now, destroyed by Ieng Sary when he came to take control of things" (BKI 147, p. 531) ~ children of Khmers brought up in Vietnam ;code: 1.56, killed. "In 1975, Ieng Sary called b
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Subordinates
អ្នកនៅក្រោមបង្គាប់
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Hong ;notes: after Ieng Sary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (BKI 85, p. 202)
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Activities
សកម្មភាពមុនឆ្នាំ
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visited Vietnam 2-3 times before 1970. "Vietnamese supported him; he didn't stay long" (BKI 147, p. 537) ~ taught politics (BKI 85, p. 202) ~ criticized the Gang of Four faction in China ;notes: "In 1976 Ieng Sary, Hong, and a woman in Economy criticized the Gang of Four, they weren't happy with them" (BKI 85, p. 202) ~ was adopted by Hou Hong Sin in Svay Rieng (BKI 62, p. 215) ~ fought Vietnamese and Lon Nol smugglers near the Cambodia/Vietnam border, before 1972, in the Northeast Zone ;notes: "Ieng Sary was commander of the Northeast Zone, where there was strong defense against the Vietnamese before the [1970]coup. When he ran into the forest, he built up armed forces in the Northeast Zone. And when the Viet Cong came in and out without permission, Ieng Sary's troops attacked them and drove them back into their country. They did the same for Lon Nol smugglers, etc. going in and out; they didn't allow it. They defended the area from all enemies. This was before the [1970]coup. I heard this in Albania, in Tirana, in 1972, from Ieng Sary at a study session" (BKI 39, p. 810) ~ conducted a study session for Cambodian sympathizers abroad in Albania, in Tirana, in 1972 ;notes: "I heard this...from Ieng Sary at a study session" (BKI 39, p. 811) ~ allegedly saw to the needs of foreign returnees, tried to involve them in the Khmer Rouge structure and punish those who had treated them wrongly ;notes: "I saw Ieng Sary come to contact us (surviving foreign returnees)directly...The ones who'd killed us were arrested. Names: Savan, who was protean Boeng Trabek, also Pang, Phum, a network... Ieng Sary didn't control us directly, but people under him were a traitorous network who persecuted us. When he found out, we were exhausted to some extent; only in 1978 he gathered us in. He didn't know the traitors were persecuting us" (BKI 39, pp. 819-820) ~ attended a study session for foreign returnees in Sala Chatomuk, in June 1978, which was also attended by Pol Pot, Khieu Samphan, Vorn Vet, Cheng An ;notes: "In June 1978, before I arrived, some of us with good standpoints were taken to open a study session at Sala Chatomuk, to help draw up an education program and help work in the Ministries. Pol Pot, Ieng Sary, Khieu Samphan, Vorn Vet, Cheng An were all there" (BKI 39, p. 820) ~ built up forces in the Northeast Zone in 1960s ;notes: "When he ran into the forest, he built up armed forces in the Northeast Zone" (BKI 39, p. 810) ~ "Only in 1976 did we hear the names Ieng Sary, Pol Pot. Then after 1975 when they took over, they established a movement to kill people under the guise of Kbal sor, Kbal Sman (internal opposition to the government)" (BKI 127 A, p. 222) ~ ordered attack on Vietnam in 1977 ;notes: "then created the conflict between the people and Vietnam, in 1977, sent troops to attack Vietnam, with other troops watching from behind. Real strong killings occurred in 1978" (BKI 127 A, p. 222) ~ Taught party politics in Vietnam. "In 1970 on arrival in Ratanakiri, I met Ieng Sary, called Van. He came to receive us and teach us about the Front's policy and stand. But his real aim was to resist Vietnam" (BKI 158 B, p. 435) ~ Meeting of Party Center. Assigned position of Deputy Prime Minister in charge of Foreign Affairs, Government of DK, 19760330 (PPP, p. 7) ~ before August 1976 (early in the rainy season), participated in a meeting held by the Organization between Ieng Sary, Khieu Samphan, Hu Nim and other members of the Foreign Ministry to prepare for the upcoming Conference of Non-aligned nations in Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1976???? (PPP, p. 299) ~ went to attend Colombo conference (PPP, p. 302)
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Associates
អ្នកជាប់ពាក់ព័ន្ធដ៏ទៃទៀត
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Pol Pot (BKI 147, p. 532) ~ Nuon Chea (BKI 147, p. 532) ~ So Phim (BKI 147, p. 532) ~ Khieu Samphan (BKI 39, p. 819) ~ Hem Samin, 1970???? (BKI 158 B, p. 435) ~ Neary Sou ;notes: "woman close to Ieng Sary" (BKI 158 B, p. 439) ~ So Nem, teacher, lycee Kambuboth, 1966???? ;notes: "taught as a professor there after he'd been in the Assembly" (BKI 10 (i), p. 2000) ~ Hou Yuon, teacher, lycee Kambuboth (BKI 10 (i), p. 2000) ~ Kim Seth ;notes: friend and fellow Khmer Krom (BKI 10 (i), p. 2001) ~ Pol Pot (PPP, p. 7) ~ Vorn Vet (PPP, p. 7) ~ Son Sen (PPP, p. 7) ~ Ros Nhim (PPP, p. 7) ~ Khieu Samphan (PPP, p. 7) ~ Chhit Choeun [Mok](PPP, p. 7) ~ So Phim (PPP, p. 7) ~ Nuon Chea (PPP, p. 7)
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Political Party
ការចូលរួមបក្សនយោបាយ
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Pracheachon ('Plough' Party)(BKI 10 (i), p. 2000) ~ CPK (PPP, p. 7)
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Relatives
សាច់ញាតិ/សមាជិកគ្រួសារ
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Khieu Thirith ;type of rel.: W ; (PPP, p. 228)
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Resistance
សកម្មភាពប្រឆាំង
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Superiors
អ្នកដឹកនាំ
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Copyright
រក្សាសិទ្ធិដោយ
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© DC-CAM | |
© មជ្ឈមណ្ឌលឯកសារកម្ពុជា |
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Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,161
Location
Date
1970 to 197515,209
1975 to 198022,829
1980 to 198511,450
1985 to 199012,169
1990 to 199510,122
1995 to 20001,254
2000 to 20104,840
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This website was funded in part by a grant (Documentation and Democracy) from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development.
Concept by Ean Panharith and Youk Chhang
© 2023 Documentation Center of Cambodia
The Prevention and Punishment of the Crimes of Genocide
By Youk Chhang
The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide stands alongside the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as one of the key pillars of international human rights law, and for this Human Rights Day in 2022, I want to highlight the critical importance of the responsibility to prevent atrocity crimes, which includes genocide. When atrocity crimes occur, there is an immediate need to stop these atrocious acts, followed by the equally urgent tasks of documenting, investigating, and ultimately prosecuting the perpetrators. However, from 1948 to today, we have not given enough attention to true prevention.
Atrocity crimes do not occur in a vacuum. There is a long chain of events and conditions that precede atrocity crimes. Isolation, segregation, and discrimination frequently, if not always, precede the rationalization of atrocity crimes against a group of people. And before people are discriminated against, they must be dehumanized. The process of dehumanization depends upon rationalizing hatred and distrust, and these processes are precipitated by misinformation, fueled by uninformed biases, stereotypes, and exploitative actors. They are also frequently dependent upon the disintegration, corruption, or lack of development of critical institutions, in particular institutions dedicated to dialogue and education. It is here that we must dedicate our greatest attention.
Since 1948, we have made great strides toward taking actions that interrupt, mitigate, and to a very limited extent, punish the chief perpetrators of atrocity crimes; however, these actions are not preventative but reactive in nature. No atrocities crime trial has ever prevented the next genocide, and no sanctions or punishment can bring back the dead or undo the trauma that extends across multiple generations. Indeed, the trauma of atrocity crimes in the distant past are often the forgotten seeds for the next wave of violence and inhumanity of the future.
If we are to truly adopt strategies that are effective, far reaching, and decisive in preventing atrocity crimes, then our priorities must be re-oriented to the opposite end of the spectrum, where the seeds of the next genocide are cultivated. Our responsibility in complying with foundational human rights documents should be measured not solely by our success at responding, investigating, and prosecuting atrocity crimes, but by our efforts in supporting institutions, initiatives, and actions that have a positive influence in preventing all forms of inhumanity. The most effective strategy at preventing the next genocide is centered on actions and policies that interrupt and reduce the risk of escalation at the earliest stages of inhumanity.
Cambodia recently removed human rights days from public calendars. I think we should reconsider this collective decision. Cambodia has achieved extraordinary success in its genocide education programme, which is the essence of atrocity crimes prevention. And so, to capitalize on this success and Cambodia’s regional and even global leadership in this area, we should hold an annual dialogue on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) closes its doors, there is no better time than now to preserve Cambodia’s leadership and momentum in realizing the core objectives of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) is proud of the support it has given to the ECCC’s work, which was fundamental to giving victims an opportunity to participate in the justice process and realize some sense of closure from the Khmer Rouge genocide. DC-Cam is also eager to support an annual conference on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As we commemorate this Human Rights Day, we would be mindful to recognize our fundamental human rights documents are not only universal commitments, but also standards for evaluating the kind of world we are leaving for the next generation.
—————
Youk Chhang is Executive Director of the Documentation Center of Cambodia. The Center dedicating to Justice, Memory, and Healing for survivors of the Khmer Rouge genocide.
Photo above: Children at Angkor Wat, 1979. After the collapse of the Khmer Rouge regime on 7 January 1979, hundreds of thousands of children were left orphaned. From 1975 to 1979, the Khmer Rouge led Cambodia into tragedy causing the deaths of over 2 million people. Although two millions were killed, five millions more survived to tell their story. The perpetrators of these crimes also survived. Photo: Documentation Center of Cambodia Archives.
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