Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,161
ID: | Y05259 | ||||
Name
ឈ្មោះ
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Seat Chhe (Tum's confession, p. 1)
(Tum's confession, p. 1)
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Other Name
ឈ្មោះហៅក្រៅ
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Tum ; (Tum's confession, p. 1)
(Tum's confession, p. 1)
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Source of Documents / Information
ប្រភពនៃឯកសារ/ពត៌មាន
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Seat Chhe alias Tum's confession, former Secretary of Region 22, Eastern Zone; "On [My]Personal History of Betrayal of the Party, written on 27-8-1977", (Tum's confession), 157pp., pp. 1-157.
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Gender
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Male (Tum's confession, p. 1)
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ភេទ
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ប្រុស (Tum's confession, p. 1)
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Physical Characteristics
បុគ្គលិកលក្ខណៈ
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Date of Birth
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1932???? (Tum's confession, p. 1)
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Father Name
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Sou Seat ; (Tum's confession, p. 1)
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Mother Name
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Eab Eangli ; (Tum's confession, p. 1)
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Pre DK Education
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;notes: studied at a temple and at a primary school until 12 years old (Tum's confession, p. 1) ~ a monk in Chroy Takev Subdistrict, Koh Thom District, Kandal Province, 1947????-1948???? (Tum's confession, p. 1) ~ , 1948???? ;notes: studied at Bali Rorng School, Batum Vattei Temple, Phnom Penh (Tum's confession, p. 1) ~ Bali Choan Khpuos School [Higher School of Pali], 1950????-1954???? ;notes: left the monkhood in 1953???? (Tum's confession, p.2)
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Pre DK Education
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.62, 1945????-1947???? ;notes: farmer (Tum's confession, p. 1) ~ .33, 1954????-1955???? ;notes: Khmer language teacher in Chamrean Vichea Junior High (Tum's confession, p. 5) ~ .24, 1960????-1963???? ;notes: secretary of Chamroeun Vichea School and Sodanbreichea'in School (Tum's confession, pp. 14, 16)
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កំរិតសិក្សាមុនរបបខ្មែរក្រហម
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Birth Place
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8040102 Chheu Kmao Village, Chheu Kmao Subdistrict, Koh Thom District, Kandal Province (Tum's confession, p.1)
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Death Place: |
KR Rank Pre 75-79
តួនាទី មុនរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975)
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member of the Eastern Zone [CPK Committee], 1966???? (Tum's confession, p. 21) ~ member of the Standing Committee of the Eastern Zone, 1973???? (Tum's confession, p. 68) ~ chief of the 3rd Front Committee, 1974????-1975???? (Tum's confession, pp. 78-87) ~ CPK secretary of Region 22, 1966???? (Tum's confession, p. 21)
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KR Rank 75-79
តួនាទីក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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former secretary of Region 22, Eastern Zone, 19770827 (Tum's confession, p. on the cover page)
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DK Zone 75-79
ទីតាំងភូមិសាស្រ្តរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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E, 22, 1966???? (Tum's confession, 21)
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DK ORG Unit 75-79
អង្គភាពក្នុងរបបខ្មែរក្រហម(1975-79)
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military, 1974????-1975???? (Tum's confession, pp. 78-87) ~ administration, 197508?? (Tum's confession, p. 90)
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Persecutor Of
ធ្លាប់ធ្វើបាប
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a policeman in Kanhchreach Subdistrict, Region 22, 1968???? or 1969???? ;notes: offence unspecified in source (Tum's confession, p. 29)
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Activities
សកម្មភាពមុនឆ្នាំ
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joined the "Khmer Workers Party", 1959???? (Tum's confession, p. 9) ~ joined Yuvakok league, 196????? (Tum's confession, p. 14) ~ went to the forest to join the revolution in Office (Munti)100. This order came from the Organization, 1964????-1966???? (Tum's confession, p. 19) ~ attended the Eastern Zone assembly which was led by Brother ៈ2, 197003?? (Tum's confession, p. 34) ~ bought waterproof watches, fuel, and other things for the Vietnamese. These Vietnamese were on duty to attack Chroy Changva Bridge. The order came from Lin, 1972???? (Tum's confession, p. 41) ~ attended a three-day meeting, hosted by the Eastern Zone, which was led by Sao Phim. The meeting was allegedly about the creation of a new political party, the "Workers Party of Kampuchea". Tum was invited by Lin, 1973???? (Tum's confesion, pp. 45-64) ~ attended the Eastern Zone's five-day meeting in Kroch Chmar District, Kampong Cham Province, which was led by Phuong. The meeting was allegedly about the creation of the "Workers Party of Kampuchea" and the rearrangement of the Zone's leadership, 1973???? (Tum's confession, p. 65-70) ~ met with Brother ៈ1 and received direct orders for the attack from him, 197411?? (Tum's confession, p. 75) ~ met with Sao Phim right after the meeting with Brother ៈ1. They went over the orders and made plans for the future, 197411?? (Tum's confession, p. 75) ~ directed a meeting in Srei Santhor District to prepare for battle. The order came from Brother ៈ2, 1974???? (Tum's confession, pp. 76-80) ~ gave a report about the battle to Brother ៈ1 when Brother ៈ1 went to the Eastern Zone the second time, 1975???? (Tum's confession, p. 82) ~ directed a meeting to prepare for battle. The order came from Brother ៈ1, 1975???? (Tum's confession, p. 84) ~ met with Khuon in the Northern Zone, and delivered Sao Phim's order to delay the victory over the Lon Nol government, 1974????-1975???? (Tum's confession, p. 86) ~ attended the Eastern Zone's one-day meeting in O Reang Auv District which was directed by Sao Phim. The meeting was about the rearrangement of the region's leadership, 1975???? ;notes: after liberation (Tum's confession, pp. 87-89) ~ went abroad for about one month with "the Organization", 197507??-197508?? (Tum's confession, p. 90) ~ met with Sao Phim after he came back from abroad. In the meeting Tum reported to Sao Phim about the secret documents which showed that "the Organization" had worked with China and Korea, especially in terms of military aid from China and Korea to the CPK, 1975???? (Tum's confession, p. 90) ~ attended a meeting in Prek Tameak Subdistrict, Region 22, Eastern Zone. Tum was invited by Mut. The meeting was allegedly about the plans to take action that the Zone had ordered, and planned for demonstrations and insurrections at Mukh Kampoul District, 197508?? (Tum's confession, pp. 91-92) ~ attended a meeting in Sithor Kandal District. The purpose of the meeting was to try to solve the problem between Ngin and Chhan allegedly in order to strengthen the "WPK", 1975???? (Tum's confession, p. 93) ~ attended a political education meeting, 197508??-197509?? (Tum's confession, p. 94) ~ attended a meeting in Region 22, Eastern Zone, which was directed by Chan. The meeting was allegedly about plans to foment political unrest, 197510?? (Tum's confession, pp. 97-101) ~ directed a meeting in Mukh Kampoul District, Region 22, Eastern Zone. The meeting was about the plans to clear up problems in Mukh Kampoul District. The order came from Brother ៈ89, 19751026 (Tum's confession, pp. 105-108) ~ attended a meeting of the Center, 197601?? (Tum's confession, p.114) ~ in charge of the staff officers' supplies, 197602?? (Tum's confession, p. 115) ~ in charge of building boats in Chroy Changvar, Phnom Penh; built 30 boats for carrying goods and 20 fighting boats. The order came from Brother ៈ1 and Brother ៈ89, 197701?? (Tum's confession, pp. 143-146)
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Associates
អ្នកជាប់ពាក់ព័ន្ធដ៏ទៃទៀត
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Resistance
សកម្មភាពប្រឆាំង
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allowed traders to bring in industrial products such as plastic, rope, and baskets, etc. Intended to cause some conflicts with handmade products of the villagers, 1971???? (Tum's confession, p. 39) ~ allegedly opened a sixth grade classroom, set up endless assemblies, settled down families. By doing these things, they could slow down the process of sending youths to the battlefield, and made people at the front line think that lives at the rear are much happier. So they got upset and were unwilling to go to the front line, 1971???? (Tum's confession, p. 39) ~ delayed the plan for organizing Cooperative Communities in Region 22. The order came from Lin, 1972???? (Tum's confession, pp. 40) ~ extended the time of preventing private businesses in Spean Kandal from being established. The order came from Lin, 1972???? (Tum's confession, pp. 40-41) ~ had a conflict with Sao Phim because Tum criticized the Vietnamese, 1972???? (Tum's confession, p. 41) ~ softened the attacks on Phnom Penh because they wanted to delay the victory over the Lon Nol government. The order for this allegedly came from the "Workers Party of Kampuchea", 1974???? (Tum's confession, pp. 72-76)
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Superiors
អ្នកដឹកនាំ
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Copyright
រក្សាសិទ្ធិដោយ
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© DC-CAM | |
© មជ្ឈមណ្ឌលឯកសារកម្ពុជា |
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Biographic28,821
Bibliographic93,161
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1970 to 197515,209
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This website was funded in part by a grant (Documentation and Democracy) from the United States Department of State. The opinions, findings and conclusions stated herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development.
Concept by Ean Panharith and Youk Chhang
© 2023 Documentation Center of Cambodia
The Prevention and Punishment of the Crimes of Genocide
By Youk Chhang
The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide stands alongside the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as one of the key pillars of international human rights law, and for this Human Rights Day in 2022, I want to highlight the critical importance of the responsibility to prevent atrocity crimes, which includes genocide. When atrocity crimes occur, there is an immediate need to stop these atrocious acts, followed by the equally urgent tasks of documenting, investigating, and ultimately prosecuting the perpetrators. However, from 1948 to today, we have not given enough attention to true prevention.
Atrocity crimes do not occur in a vacuum. There is a long chain of events and conditions that precede atrocity crimes. Isolation, segregation, and discrimination frequently, if not always, precede the rationalization of atrocity crimes against a group of people. And before people are discriminated against, they must be dehumanized. The process of dehumanization depends upon rationalizing hatred and distrust, and these processes are precipitated by misinformation, fueled by uninformed biases, stereotypes, and exploitative actors. They are also frequently dependent upon the disintegration, corruption, or lack of development of critical institutions, in particular institutions dedicated to dialogue and education. It is here that we must dedicate our greatest attention.
Since 1948, we have made great strides toward taking actions that interrupt, mitigate, and to a very limited extent, punish the chief perpetrators of atrocity crimes; however, these actions are not preventative but reactive in nature. No atrocities crime trial has ever prevented the next genocide, and no sanctions or punishment can bring back the dead or undo the trauma that extends across multiple generations. Indeed, the trauma of atrocity crimes in the distant past are often the forgotten seeds for the next wave of violence and inhumanity of the future.
If we are to truly adopt strategies that are effective, far reaching, and decisive in preventing atrocity crimes, then our priorities must be re-oriented to the opposite end of the spectrum, where the seeds of the next genocide are cultivated. Our responsibility in complying with foundational human rights documents should be measured not solely by our success at responding, investigating, and prosecuting atrocity crimes, but by our efforts in supporting institutions, initiatives, and actions that have a positive influence in preventing all forms of inhumanity. The most effective strategy at preventing the next genocide is centered on actions and policies that interrupt and reduce the risk of escalation at the earliest stages of inhumanity.
Cambodia recently removed human rights days from public calendars. I think we should reconsider this collective decision. Cambodia has achieved extraordinary success in its genocide education programme, which is the essence of atrocity crimes prevention. And so, to capitalize on this success and Cambodia’s regional and even global leadership in this area, we should hold an annual dialogue on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) closes its doors, there is no better time than now to preserve Cambodia’s leadership and momentum in realizing the core objectives of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
The Documentation Center of Cambodia (DC-Cam) is proud of the support it has given to the ECCC’s work, which was fundamental to giving victims an opportunity to participate in the justice process and realize some sense of closure from the Khmer Rouge genocide. DC-Cam is also eager to support an annual conference on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. As we commemorate this Human Rights Day, we would be mindful to recognize our fundamental human rights documents are not only universal commitments, but also standards for evaluating the kind of world we are leaving for the next generation.
—————
Youk Chhang is Executive Director of the Documentation Center of Cambodia. The Center dedicating to Justice, Memory, and Healing for survivors of the Khmer Rouge genocide.
Photo above: Children at Angkor Wat, 1979. After the collapse of the Khmer Rouge regime on 7 January 1979, hundreds of thousands of children were left orphaned. From 1975 to 1979, the Khmer Rouge led Cambodia into tragedy causing the deaths of over 2 million people. Although two millions were killed, five millions more survived to tell their story. The perpetrators of these crimes also survived. Photo: Documentation Center of Cambodia Archives.
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